English
sord
Sord comes from Old French sourdre ‘to rise’, from Latin subrigō ‘to lift up’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- ‘to straighten’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃reǵ-1‘to straighten’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃réǵeti1‘to be straightening, to be setting upright’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*regō1reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEregō1‘lead, rule’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsubrigō1‘to lift up’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsurrigō1
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsurgō2‘to rise’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400sourdre2‘to rise’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500sowrde2
- Englishearliest quotation 1893sord2
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor
- 1 Wiktionary, Latin surgo
- 2 Wiktionary, English sord
- Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1893, The Bazaar, London: “"Oh, I, well, I too fell into error, for…”.
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃reǵ-Wiktionary, Latin surgo‘to straighten’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃réǵetiWiktionary, Latin surgo‘to be straightening, to be setting upright’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*regōWiktionary, Latin surgoreconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEregōWiktionary, Latin surgo‘lead, rule’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsubrigōWiktionary, Latin surgo‘to lift up’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsurrigōWiktionary, Latin surgo
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsurgōWiktionary, English sord‘to rise’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400sourdreWiktionary, English sord‘to rise’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500sowrdeWiktionary, English sord
- Englishearliest quotation 1893sordWiktionary, English sord. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1893, The Bazaar, London: “"Oh, I, well, I too fell into error, for…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- ‘to straighten’
right, real, regular, rich, royal, correct, rank, arrangement, roy, radar, arrange, rack, rex, rogue, interrogation, raj, rake, dresser, regal, regency, rector, rani, undress, dressage, rajah, rhesus, eldritch, rectilinear, riel, interregnum, dirigible, derailleur, retch, 72 more
through Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti ‘to be straightening, to be setting upright’
ana, directory, anorexia, 39 more
through Proto-Italic *regō
director, regional, regiment, ruler, regimen, erectile, erectus, erector, 35 more
through Latin regō ‘lead, rule’
region, rule, direction, address, direct, dress, regime, realm, regulate, erect, regent, rectify, rectum, irregularity, rectification, droit, dirge, incorrigible, recto, regula, rectus, rectitude, derecho, regio, corregidor, 46 more
through Latin surrigō
through Latin surgō ‘to rise’
Today it means
noun A flock of mallards.
Sources
Sources: Wiktionary, “sord”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entry for Latin surgo. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- / sord