English
source
Source comes from Old French sorse ‘rise, spring’, from sordre ‘to rise’, from Latin surgō ‘to rise’, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃reǵ-1‘to straighten’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃réǵeti2‘to straighten’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEregō2‘to lead, rule’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsurgō2‘to rise’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400sordre2‘to rise’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400sors2
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400sorse2‘rise, beginning, spring, source’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500sours2
- Englishearliest quotation 1969source2
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor
- 1 Wiktionary, Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti
- 2 Wiktionary, English source
- Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1969, 1969 May 28, A View of the O-erh-ch'i-ssu River Delta: “The O-erh-ch'i-ssu River begins in the southern section of…”.
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃reǵ-Wiktionary, Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti‘to straighten’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃réǵetiWiktionary, English source‘to straighten’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEregōWiktionary, English source‘to lead, rule’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsurgōWiktionary, English source‘to rise’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400sordreWiktionary, English source‘to rise’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400sorsWiktionary, English source
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400sorseWiktionary, English source‘rise, beginning, spring, source’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500soursWiktionary, English source
- Englishearliest quotation 1969sourceWiktionary, English source. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1969, 1969 May 28, A View of the O-erh-ch'i-ssu River Delta: “The O-erh-ch'i-ssu River begins in the southern section of…”
Word family
English words that share an ancestor with source, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.
through Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- ‘to straighten’
- right ← reȝt ← reht ← *reht ← *rehtaz
- real ← rēgālis ← rēx ← *rēks ← *h₃rḗǵs
- regular ← reguler ← reguler ← rēgulāris ← rēgula
- rich ← riche ← rīċe ← *rīkī ← *rīkijaz
- royal ← roial ← rēgālis ← rēx ← *rēks
- correct ← correctus
- rank ← ranc ← *rankaz
- arrangement ← arranger ← arangier ← rengier ← reng
- roy ← roi ← rēx ← *rēks ← *h₃rḗǵs
- radar ← range ← rengen ← rengier ← reng
- arrange ← arengen ← arangier ← rengier ← reng
- rack ← rakke ← rac
267 more relatives in the full family tree
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Today it means
noun The person, place, or thing from which something (information, goods, etc.) comes or is acquired.
Sources
Sources: Wiktionary, “source”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entry for Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- / source