Etymograph

English

revigorate

Revigorate comes from Proto-Italic *wre- ‘again’, and perhaps goes back to Proto-Indo-European *wre- ‘back’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*wre-1‘back’uncertain
  2. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*wre-2‘again’reconstructed
  3. Englishearliest quotation 1814revigorate3

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, Proto-Italic *wre-
  2. 2 Wiktionary, Latin re-, which cites OED
  3. 3 Wiktionary, English revigorate
  4. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1814, Robert Southey, Canto VII: “The fire which seem'd extinct / Hath risen revigorate:…”.

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*wre-Wiktionary, Proto-Italic *wre-‘back’uncertain
  2. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*wre-Wiktionary, Latin re-, which cites OED‘again’reconstructed
  3. Englishearliest quotation 1814revigorateWiktionary, English revigorate. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1814, Robert Southey, Canto VII: “The fire which seem'd extinct / Hath risen revigorate:…”

Linked words

through Proto-Italic *wre- ‘again’

require, rescue, rely, reverse, remark, reminiscent, reciprocal, revoke, repellent, reciprocate, repulse, rappel, refrigerate, regurgitate, 14 more

Today it means

verb To give new vigour to.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “revigorate”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entries for Proto-Italic *wre-, Latin re-. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *wre- / revigorate

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