Etymograph

English

purpose

Purpose comes from Middle English purpos, from Old French purposer ‘to propose’, from Latin prōpōnō (prō- + pōnō ‘to put’).

  1. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEpōnō1‘to place, put’
  2. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEprōpōnō2as prōpōnō‘to put forth, propose’
  3. Old Frenchc. 842–1400purposer2‘to propose’
  4. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500purpos2
  5. Englishearliest quotation 1598–1599purpose2

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, Latin propono
  2. 2 Wiktionary, English purpose
  3. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1598–1599, William Shakespeare: “[…]he was woont to ſpeake plaine, and to the…”.

Lineage

  1. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEpōnōWiktionary, Latin propono‘to place, put’
  2. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEprōpōnōWiktionary, English purposeas prōpōnō‘to put forth, propose’
  3. Old Frenchc. 842–1400purposerWiktionary, English purpose‘to propose’
  4. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500purposWiktionary, English purpose
  5. Englishearliest quotation 1598–1599purposeWiktionary, English purpose. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1598–1599, William Shakespeare: “[…]he was woont to ſpeake plaine, and to the…”

Word family

English words that share an ancestor with purpose, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.

through Proto-Indo-European *tḱey- ‘to cultivate’

  • homeless ← *homles ← hāmlēas ← hām ← *haim
  • compound ← compounen ← componre ← componō
  • suppose ← supposen ← supposer
  • hamlet ← hamelet ← hamel ← ham ← *haim
  • bohemian ← bohémien ← Bohême ← Bohême ← Boiohaemum
  • impose ← imposen ← imposer
  • homely ← homly ← *hāmlīċ ← *haimalīk ← *haim
  • hame ← ham ← hām ← *haim ← *haimaz

through Proto-Indo-European *tḱinéti

  • prepositional ← praepositiō ← praepōnō ← pōnō ← *sinō
  • apposite ← appositus ← pōnō ← *sinō ← *sinō

through Proto-Italic *sinō ‘to put in place’

  • site ← situs ← sinō
  • situation ← situacioun ← situatio ← situare ← situs

239 more relatives in the full family tree

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Another origin of purpose

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*tḱey-‘to build, cultivate’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*tḱinétireconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*sinō‘to put in place’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CE*sinō‘to put in place’reconstructed
  5. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEpōnō‘place, put’
  6. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEprōpōnō
  7. Old Frenchc. 842–1400purposer‘to propose’
  8. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500purposen
  9. Englishtodaypurpose

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Today it means

noun The end for which something is done, is made or exists.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “purpose”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entry for Latin propono. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Latin pōnō / purpose