English
intelligence
Intelligence comes from Old French intelligence, from Latin intellegentia ‘understanding’, from intellegēns, present participle of intellegō ‘to understand’.
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEintellegō1‘to understand’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEintellegēns1‘understanding’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEintellegentia1‘intelligence’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400intelligence1‘comprehension’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500intelligence1‘comprehension’
- Englishearliest quotation 1650intelligence1
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor
- 1 Wiktionary, English intelligence
- Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1650, Thomas Fuller, A Pisgah-Sight of Palestine and the Confines Thereof: “Yet Josephus tells us of Phiala, a ſpring[…] into…”.
Lineage
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEintellegōWiktionary, English intelligence‘to understand’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEintellegēnsWiktionary, English intelligence‘understanding’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEintellegentiaWiktionary, English intelligence‘intelligence’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400intelligenceWiktionary, English intelligence‘comprehension’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500intelligenceWiktionary, English intelligence‘comprehension’
- Englishearliest quotation 1650intelligenceWiktionary, English intelligence. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1650, Thomas Fuller, A Pisgah-Sight of Palestine and the Confines Thereof: “Yet Josephus tells us of Phiala, a ſpring[…] into…”
Word family
English words that share an ancestor with intelligence, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.
through Proto-Indo-European *h₂leg- ‘to care for’
through Proto-Italic *legō
- election ← eleccioun ← eleccioun ← ēlectiōn- ← ēlectiō
- collection ← colleccioun ← collēctiō ← collēctus ← colligō
- lesson ← lessoun ← leçon ← lēctiō ← legō
- select ← sēlēctus ← sēlegō ← legō
- collective ← collectif ← collēctīvus ← collēctus ← colligō
- elite ← elit ← elit ← ēligō ← legō
- eligible ← eligibilis ← ēligō ← legō
- elect ← ēlēctus ← ēligō ← legō
- legion ← legiō ← legō
49 more relatives in the full family tree
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Today it means
noun The capacity of mind, especially to understand principles, truths, facts or meanings, acquire knowledge, and apply it to practice; the ability to comprehend and learn; the ability to process sentient experience to generate true beliefs with a justified degree of confidence.
Sources
Sources: Wiktionary, “intelligence”. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.
Etymograph / Latin intellegō / intelligence