Etymograph

English

music

Music comes from Latin mūsica ‘music’, from Ancient Greek μουσική ‘any of the Muses’ arts, especially music’, from μουσικός ‘musical’, and ultimately from Μοῦσα ‘Muse’.

  1. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEΜοῦσα1Moûsa‘Muse’
  2. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEμουσικός2mousikós‘musical’
  3. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEμουσική1mousikḗ‘any of the Muses’ arts, especially music’
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEmūsica1‘music’
  5. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400musik1
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500musik1
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1669music1

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, English music
  2. 2 Wiktionary, Ancient Greek μουσική
  3. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1669, Theophilus Gale, Both Philologie and Philosophie: “Again, Moſes was the firſt that brought in ſacred…”.

Lineage

  1. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEΜοῦσαWiktionary, English musicMoûsa‘Muse’
  2. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEμουσικόςWiktionary, Ancient Greek μουσικήmousikós‘musical’
  3. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEμουσικήWiktionary, English musicmousikḗ‘any of the Muses’ arts, especially music’
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEmūsicaWiktionary, English music‘music’
  5. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400musikWiktionary, English music
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500musikWiktionary, English music
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1669musicWiktionary, English music. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1669, Theophilus Gale, Both Philologie and Philosophie: “Again, Moſes was the firſt that brought in ſacred…”

The story

In this sense, displaced native Old English drēam (‘music’), whence Modern English dream. Fully displaced Old English sweġl.

Full etymology on Wiktionary

Word family

English words that share an ancestor with music, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.

through Proto-Indo-European *men- ‘to think’

  • money ← moneye ← muneie ← monoie ← moneie
  • mind ← minde ← mynd ← *mundi ← *mundiz
  • amount ← amounten ← amonter ← amont ← mont
  • comment ← coment ← coment ← commentum
  • mental ← mentālis ← mēns ← *mentis ← *méntis
  • mouth ← mūþ ← *munþ ← *munþaz ← *mn̥-tó-s
  • remain ← remainen ← remaneō ← maneō ← *m(V)nēō
  • mention ← mencioun ← mentiōnem ← mentiō ← meminī
  • mountain ← mountayne ← muntaine ← montānia ← montem
  • permanent ← permanēns ← permaneō ← maneō ← *m̥néh₁yeti
  • monster ← monstre ← monstre ← mōnstrum ← *monestrom
  • auto ← automatic ← automaticus ← automatum ← αὐτόμᾰτον

151 more relatives in the full family tree

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Today it means

noun A series of sounds organized in time, usually employing some combination of harmony, melody, rhythm, tempo, timbre, sound design, lyrics, etc., often to convey a mood.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “music”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entry for Ancient Greek μουσική. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Ancient Greek Μοῦσα / music