Etymograph

English

low

Low comes from Middle English lāh, from Old Norse lágr, from Proto-Germanic *lēgaz, ultimately from PIE *legʰ- ‘to lie’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*legʰ-1‘to lie’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*légʰyeti1‘to be lying down’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*ligjaną1‘to lie’reconstructed
  4. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*lēgaz1‘low’reconstructed
  5. Old Norsec. 800–1350lágr1
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500lāh1
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1598–1599low1

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, English low
  2. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1598–1599, Much Adoe about Nothing: “Speak low if you speak love.”.

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*legʰ-Wiktionary, English low‘to lie’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*légʰyetiWiktionary, English low‘to be lying down’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*ligjanąWiktionary, English low‘to lie’reconstructed
  4. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*lēgazWiktionary, English low‘low’reconstructed
  5. Old Norsec. 800–1350lágrWiktionary, English low
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500lāhWiktionary, English low
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1598–1599lowWiktionary, English low. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1598–1599, Much Adoe about Nothing: “Speak low if you speak love.”

Word family

English words that share an ancestor with low, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.

through Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- ‘to lie’

  • law ← lawe ← lagu ← lǫg ← lag
  • college ← collēgium ← collēga ← lēgō ← lēx
  • legal ← lēgālis ← lex ← *lēks ← *lḗgʰs
  • lawyer ← lawiere ← lawe ← lagu ← *lagu
  • layer ← leyer
  • legacy ← legacie ← legacie ← lēgātum ← lēgō
  • fellow ← felawe ← fēolaga ← félagi ← félag
  • colleague ← collegue ← collēga ← lēgō ← lēx
  • delegation ← delegatio ← dēlēgō ← lēgō ← lēx
  • loyalty ← loialte ← loialte ← loial ← lēgālis
  • loyal ← loial ← lēgālis ← lex ← *lēks
  • litter ← lectus

41 more relatives in the full family tree

No ads, ever.

Another origin of low

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*kelh₁-‘to call’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*hlōaną‘to call’reconstructed
  3. Old Englishc. 450–1150hlōwan‘to low’
  4. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500lowen‘to low’
  5. Englishtodaylow

Another origin of low

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*lewk-‘light’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*lugô‘flame, blaze’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Norsec. 200–800 CE*luȝatransliteratedrunes *ᛚᚢᚷᚨreconstructed
  4. Old Norsec. 800–1350logi‘fire, flame, sword’
  5. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500lowe‘Fire, blazing’
  6. Englishtodaylow

No ads, ever. This is how the app stays alive.

Today it means

adj Situated close to, or even below, the ground or another normal reference plane; not high or lofty.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “low”. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- / low