Etymograph

English

consolidate

Consolidate comes from Latin consolidātus ‘solidified, condensed’, from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂-i-dʰ-o-s ‘entire’, and ultimately from *solh₂- ‘integrate, whole’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*solh₂-1‘integrate, whole’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*solh₂-i-dʰ-o-s1‘entire’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*soliðos1reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsolidus2‘solid’next step skipped: Latin cōnsolidō
  5. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEconsolidātus2‘solidified, condensed’
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1531consolidate2

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, Latin solidus
  2. 2 Wiktionary, English consolidate
  3. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1531, Thomas Elyot, The Boke Named the Governour […]: “A gentleman [should learn to ride] while he is…”.

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*solh₂-Wiktionary, Latin solidus‘integrate, whole’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*solh₂-i-dʰ-o-sWiktionary, Latin solidus‘entire’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*soliðosWiktionary, Latin solidusreconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsolidusWiktionary, English consolidate‘solid’next step skipped: Latin cōnsolidō
  5. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEconsolidātusWiktionary, English consolidate‘solidified, condensed’
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1531consolidateWiktionary, English consolidate. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1531, Thomas Elyot, The Boke Named the Governour […]: “A gentleman [should learn to ride] while he is…”

Equivalent to con- + solid + -ate

Latin cum ‘with’

English con-

Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- ‘integrate’

…

Proto-Italic *soliðos

Latin solidus

Old French solide

Middle English solide

English solid

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- ‘integrate, whole’

save, safe, sold, sage, holocaust, salvation, savior, salvage, salute, salvo, salve, salvia, salutary, salutation, salubrious, 22 more

through Proto-Italic *soliðos

solidarity, solidify, solidity, solidification, solidus, 6 more

through Latin solidus ‘solid’

soldier, solid, xu, sol, sou, soldado, 10 more

Today it means

verb To combine into a single unit; to group together or join.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “consolidate”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entry for Latin solidus. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- / consolidate

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