English
together
Together comes from Old English tōgædere, from Proto-West Germanic *tōgadura, from Proto-Germanic *tō ‘to’ + *gadar ‘together’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- ‘to unite, keep’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*gʰedʰ-1‘to unite, keep’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*gadar1‘together’reconstructed
- Proto-West Germanicc. 200–500 CE*tōgadura1reconstructed
- Old Englishc. 450–1150tōgædere1‘together’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500togedere1
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500together1
- Englishearliest quotation 1620together1
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor
- 1 Wiktionary, English together
- Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1620, Giovanni Bocaccio, The Decameron: “[…]purſued his vnneighbourly purpoſe in ſuch ſort: that hee…”.
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*gʰedʰ-Wiktionary, English together‘to unite, keep’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*gadarWiktionary, English together‘together’reconstructed
- Proto-West Germanicc. 200–500 CE*tōgaduraWiktionary, English togetherreconstructed
- Old Englishc. 450–1150tōgædereWiktionary, English together‘together’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500togedereWiktionary, English together
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500togetherWiktionary, English together
- Englishearliest quotation 1620togetherWiktionary, English together. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1620, Giovanni Bocaccio, The Decameron: “[…]purſued his vnneighbourly purpoſe in ſuch ſort: that hee…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- ‘to unite, keep’
good, best, better, gather, gad, 6 more
through Proto-Germanic *tō
Today it means
adv At the same time, in the same place; in close association or proximity.
Sources
Sources: Wiktionary, “together”. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- / together