Etymograph

English

surpass

Surpass comes from Middle French surpasser ‘to pass beyond’.

  1. Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600surpasser1‘to pass beyond’
  2. Englishearliest quotation 1904–1905surpass1

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, English surpass
  2. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., The Tremarn Case: “Two or three months more went by; the public…”.

Lineage

  1. Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600surpasserWiktionary, English surpass‘to pass beyond’
  2. Englishearliest quotation 1904–1905surpassWiktionary, English surpass. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., The Tremarn Case: “Two or three months more went by; the public…”

Equivalent to sur- + pass

Proto-Indo-European *upér ‘over’

Proto-Italic *super ‘above’

Latin super ‘[of place] above’

English sur-

Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- ‘to spread, stretch out’

…

Latin passus ‘a step’

Vulgar Latin *passō ‘to step, walk, pass’

Old French passer ‘to step, walk, pass’

Middle English passen ‘to pass’

English pass

Today it means

verb To go beyond or exceed (something) in an adjudicative or literal sense.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “surpass”. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Middle French surpasser / surpass