Etymograph

English

series

Series comes from Latin seriēs ‘a row’, from Proto-Italic *serō ‘to join, bind, link’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ser-.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ser-1‘to bind’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*séreti1reconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*serō1‘to join’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEserō1
  5. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEseriēs1‘a row’
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1806series1

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, English series
  2. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1806, The Authentic Memoirs of Lord Nelson:: “A series of ill health, however, rendered it expedient…”.

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ser-Wiktionary, English series‘to bind’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*séretiWiktionary, English seriesreconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*serōWiktionary, English series‘to join’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEserōWiktionary, English series
  5. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEseriēsWiktionary, English series‘a row’
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1806seriesWiktionary, English series. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1806, The Authentic Memoirs of Lord Nelson:: “A series of ill health, however, rendered it expedient…”

The story

Attested from the 1610s; borrowed from Latin seriēs, from serere (‘to join together, bind’), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (‘to bind, put together, to line up’).

Full etymology on Wiktionary

Word family

English words that share an ancestor with series, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.

through Proto-Indo-European *ser- ‘to bind, put together, to line up’

  • service ← servise ← serfis ← servise ← servitium
  • sort ← sorte ← sortem ← sors ← *sortis
  • stream ← streem ← *straum ← *straumaz ← *srowmos
  • hero ← heroes ← heroes ← hērōs ← ἥρως
  • serve ← serven ← servir ← serviō ← servus
  • conservative ← conservatif ← cōnservō ← servō ← servus
  • reservoir ← réserver ← reservō ← servō ← servus
  • conservatism ← conservō ← servō ← servus ← servos
  • sermon ← sermoun ← sermun ← sermō ← *sermō
  • sorcery ← sorcerie ← sors ← *sortis ← *sértis
  • sorcerer ← sorcerere ← sorcer ← sortiārius ← sortem
  • heresy ← heresie ← heresie ← haeresis ← αἵρεσις

66 more relatives in the full family tree

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Today it means

noun A number of things that follow on one after the other or are connected one after the other.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “series”. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *ser- / series