Etymograph

English

rupes

Rupes comes from Latin rūpēs ‘cliff’, and goes back to Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- ‘break’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*Hrewp-1‘break’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*Hrewp-(e)h₁-s1‘cliff’reconstructed
  3. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CErūpēs2‘cliff’
  4. Englishtodayrupes2

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, Latin rupes
  2. 2 Wiktionary, English rupes

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*Hrewp-Wiktionary, Latin rupes‘break’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*Hrewp-(e)h₁-sWiktionary, Latin rupes‘cliff’reconstructed
  3. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CErūpēsWiktionary, English rupes‘cliff’
  4. EnglishtodayrupesWiktionary, English rupes

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- ‘break’

route, rob, corruption, robbery, rover, corrupt, robe, disrupt, rout, eruption, rupture, erupt, reaver, 21 more

Today it means

noun An escarpment on another planet or a moon.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “rupes”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entry for Latin rupes. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- / rupes

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