Etymograph

English

range

Range comes from Middle English rengen, from Old French rengier ‘to rank’, from rang ‘a row’, from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz ‘ring’.

  1. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*hringaz1‘ring, circle’reconstructed
  2. Frankishc. 250–700*hring1reconstructed
  3. Old Frenchc. 842–1400rang1‘a rank, row’
  4. Old Frenchc. 842–1400rengier1‘to range, rank’
  5. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500rengen1
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1590range1

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, English range
  2. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1590, Edmund Spenser, Book II, Canto VII: “Therein an hundred raunges weren pight, / And hundred…”.

Lineage

  1. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*hringazWiktionary, English range‘ring, circle’reconstructed
  2. Frankishc. 250–700*hringWiktionary, English rangereconstructed
  3. Old Frenchc. 842–1400rangWiktionary, English range‘a rank, row’
  4. Old Frenchc. 842–1400rengierWiktionary, English range‘to range, rank’
  5. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500rengenWiktionary, English range
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1590rangeWiktionary, English range. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1590, Edmund Spenser, Book II, Canto VII: “Therein an hundred raunges weren pight, / And hundred…”

Word family

English words that share an ancestor with range, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.

through Proto-Indo-European *(s)krengʰ- ‘ring, circle’

  • rung ← hrung ← *hrungu ← *hrungō

through Proto-Germanic *hringaz ‘ring, circle, curve’

  • ring ← ryng ← hring ← *hring
  • harangue ← arang ← aringa ← *𐌷𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍃

through Frankish *hring

  • rank ← ranc
  • rink ← renc ← reng
  • rancho ← rancharse ← se ranger ← rang ← ranc

through Old French rengier ‘to range, to rank, to order’

through Middle English rengen

8 more relatives in the full family tree

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Today it means

noun A line or series of mountains, buildings, etc.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “range”. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Proto-Germanic *hringaz / range