English
fort
Fort comes from Middle French fort ‘strong’, from Latin fortis ‘strong’, from Old Latin forctis, from Proto-Italic *forktis.
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*forktis1‘strong’reconstructed
- Old Latinc. 700–75 BCEforctis1‘strong’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEfortis2‘strong’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400fort3‘strong’
- Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600fort4‘strong’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500fort4
- Englishtodayfort4‘fort, stronghold’
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor
- 1 Wiktionary, Latin fortis
- 2 Wiktionary, Old French fort
- 3 Wiktionary, Middle French fort
- 4 Wiktionary, English fort
Lineage
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*forktisWiktionary, Latin fortis‘strong’reconstructed
- Old Latinc. 700–75 BCEforctisWiktionary, Latin fortis‘strong’
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEfortisWiktionary, Old French fort‘strong’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400fortWiktionary, Middle French fort‘strong’
- Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600fortWiktionary, English fort‘strong’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500fortWiktionary, English fort
- EnglishtodayfortWiktionary, English fort‘fort, stronghold’
Word family
English words that share an ancestor with fort, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.
through Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- ‘to rise, high, hill’
- berry ← berȝe ← beorġe ← beorg ← *berg
- borough ← borwe ← burh ← *burg ← *burgz
- burgess ← burgeis ← burgeis ← burgensis ← burgus
- bourgeois ← burgeis ← *burg ← *burgz ← *bʰérǵʰs
- barrow ← berwe ← beorg ← *berg ← *bergaz
- burglar ← burglātor ← burgus ← *burg ← *burgz
- brie
- burgh ← borwe ← burh ← *burg ← *burgz
- brahmin ← bramine ← bramine ← ब्राह्मण
- burg ← burgus ← *burgz ← *bʰérǵʰs
- brahmana ← ब्राह्मण
- bergh ← beorg ← *berg ← *bergaz ← *bʰérǵʰos
52 more relatives in the full family tree
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Today it means
noun A fortified defensive structure stationed with troops.
Sources
Sources: Wiktionary, “fort”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entries for Latin fortis, Old French fort, Middle French fort. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.
Etymograph / Proto-Italic *forktis / fort