Etymograph

English

extend

Extend comes from Middle English extenden, from Anglo-Norman extendre, from Latin extendō ‘to stretch out’, from tendō ‘to stretch’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*téndeti1reconstructed
  2. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*tendō1‘to stretch’reconstructed
  3. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEtendō1‘to stretch’
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEextendō2‘to stretch out’
  5. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400extendre2
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500extenden2‘to extend’
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1894extend2

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, Latin extendo
  2. 2 Wiktionary, English extend
  3. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1894, Fred Grundy, Management of Fall Pigs: “The skim milk and middlings should be mixed in…”.

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*téndetiWiktionary, Latin extendoreconstructed
  2. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*tendōWiktionary, Latin extendo‘to stretch’reconstructed
  3. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEtendōWiktionary, Latin extendo‘to stretch’
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEextendōWiktionary, English extend‘to stretch out’
  5. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400extendreWiktionary, English extend
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500extendenWiktionary, English extend‘to extend’
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1894extendWiktionary, English extend. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1894, Fred Grundy, Management of Fall Pigs: “The skim milk and middlings should be mixed in…”

Word family

English words that share an ancestor with extend, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.

through Proto-Italic *tendō ‘to stretch’

  • intentional ← intentiōnālis ← intentiō ← intendō ← tendō
  • hypertension ← tension ← tension ← tēnsiō ← tendō
  • pretense ← pretensse ← praetēnsus ← praetendō ← tendō
  • hypotension ← tension ← tension ← tēnsiō ← tendō
  • inattention ← attention ← attentio ← attendō ← tendō
  • pretension ← tension ← tension ← tēnsiō ← tendō

through Latin tendō

  • attention ← attencioun ← attentiō ← attendō
  • intention ← entencioun ← entention ← entencion ← intentiō
  • tension ← tēnsiō
  • pretend ← pretendre ← praetendō
  • attendance ← atendance ← atendre ← attendo
  • tense ← tēnsus

84 more relatives in the full family tree

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Today it means

verb To increase in extent.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “extend”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entry for Latin extendo. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *téndeti / extend