Etymograph

English

era

Era comes from Late Latin aera ‘era, epoch’, probably a special use of aera ‘counters’, plural of aes ‘money, brass’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂ey-1‘to burn’uncertain
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂éyos2‘metal, copper, bronze’uncertain
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*aos2‘bronze, copper’uncertain
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEaes3‘piece of metal, money, brass’uncertain
  5. Late Latinc. 200–600 CEaera4‘era, epoch’plural of aes
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1963era4

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos, which cites Martirosyan
  2. 2 Wiktionary, Latin aes, which cites Ringe
  3. 3 Wiktionary, Latin aera
  4. 4 Wiktionary, English era
  5. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1963, Margery Allingham, London: Chatto & Windus: “Even in an era when individuality in dress is…”.

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂ey-Wiktionary, Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos, which cites Martirosyan‘to burn’uncertain
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂éyosWiktionary, Latin aes, which cites Ringe‘metal, copper, bronze’uncertain
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*aosWiktionary, Latin aes, which cites Ringe‘bronze, copper’uncertain
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEaesWiktionary, Latin aera‘piece of metal, money, brass’uncertain
  5. Late Latinc. 200–600 CEaeraWiktionary, English era‘era, epoch’plural of aes
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1963eraWiktionary, English era. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1963, Margery Allingham, London: Chatto & Windus: “Even in an era when individuality in dress is…”

Word family

English words that share an ancestor with era, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.

through Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- ‘to burn’

  • early ← erly ← ǣrlīċe ← ǣr ← *airiz
  • young ← yong ← ġeong ← *jung ← *jungaz
  • age ← eage ← *aetāticum ← aetātem ← *aiwotāts
  • diet ← diete ← dieta ← diaeta ← δίαιτα
  • junior ← iuvenior ← iuvenis ← *juwō ← *h₂yéwHō
  • juvenile ← iuvenīlis ← iuvenis ← *juwō ← *h₂yéwHō
  • longevity ← longaevitās ← longaevus ← aevum ← *aiwom
  • enigma ← aenigma ← αἴνιγμα ← αἶνος
  • ere ← er ← ǣr ← *airi ← *airiz
  • juvenal ← iuvenālis ← iuvenis ← *juwō ← *h₂yéwHō

through Late Latin aera

27 more relatives in the full family tree

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Today it means

noun A time period of indeterminate length, generally more than one year.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “era”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entries for Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos, Latin aes, Latin aera. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- / era