Etymograph

English

energid

Energid comes from Ancient Greek ἐνεργός ‘active’, from ἔργον ‘work’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- ‘to make’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*werǵ-1‘to make’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*wérǵom2‘work’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Hellenicc. 2200–1600 BCE*wérgon2‘work’reconstructed
  4. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEἔργον3‘work’
  5. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEἐνεργός4energós‘active’
  6. Germanc. 1650–presentEnergid4
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1982energid4

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom
  2. 2 Wiktionary, Ancient Greek ἔργον
  3. 3 Wiktionary, Ancient Greek ἐνεργός
  4. 4 Wiktionary, English energid
  5. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1982, Robert R. Provine, 15: Embryonic and post-embryonic development: “The fate of the cleavage energids seems to be…”.

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*werǵ-Wiktionary, Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom‘to make’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*wérǵomWiktionary, Ancient Greek ἔργον‘work’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Hellenicc. 2200–1600 BCE*wérgonWiktionary, Ancient Greek ἔργον‘work’reconstructed
  4. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEἔργονWiktionary, Ancient Greek ἐνεργός‘work’
  5. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEἐνεργόςWiktionary, English energidenergós‘active’
  6. Germanc. 1650–presentEnergidWiktionary, English energid
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1982energidWiktionary, English energid. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1982, Robert R. Provine, 15: Embryonic and post-embryonic development: “The fate of the cleavage energids seems to be…”

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- ‘to make’

working, organic, wright, organ, boulevard, orgasm, wrought, liturgy, metallurgy, bulwark, irk, irksome, wark, 22 more

through Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom ‘work’

work, werk, 15 more

through Ancient Greek ἔργον ‘work’

allergy, argon, erg, 15 more

Today it means

noun A nucleus and the cytoplasm with which it interacts, considered as a unit.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “energid”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entries for Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom, Ancient Greek ἔργον, Ancient Greek ἐνεργός. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- / energid

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