Etymograph

English

decade

Decade comes from Old French decade, from Late Latin decās ‘set of ten’, from Ancient Greek δεκάς, from δέκα ‘ten’, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*déḱm̥1‘ten’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Hellenicc. 2200–1600 BCE*dékə1‘ten’reconstructed
  3. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEδέκα2déka‘ten’
  4. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEδεκάς2dekás‘the number ten’
  5. Late Latinc. 200–600 CEdecās2‘(set of) ten’
  6. Old Frenchc. 842–1400decade2
  7. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500decade2
  8. Englishearliest quotation 1979decade2

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, Ancient Greek δέκα
  2. 2 Wiktionary, English decade
  3. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1979, Museums: “Thru May: 1920s — The Decade That Roared. New…”.

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*déḱm̥Wiktionary, Ancient Greek δέκα‘ten’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Hellenicc. 2200–1600 BCE*dékəWiktionary, Ancient Greek δέκα‘ten’reconstructed
  3. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEδέκαWiktionary, English decadedéka‘ten’
  4. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEδεκάςWiktionary, English decadedekás‘the number ten’
  5. Late Latinc. 200–600 CEdecāsWiktionary, English decade‘(set of) ten’
  6. Old Frenchc. 842–1400decadeWiktionary, English decade
  7. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500decadeWiktionary, English decade
  8. Englishearliest quotation 1979decadeWiktionary, English decade. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1979, Museums: “Thru May: 1920s — The Decade That Roared. New…”

Word family

English words that share an ancestor with decade, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.

through Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥ ‘ten’

  • ten ← tīen ← *tehun ← *tehun
  • century ← centurie ← centurie ← centuria ← centum
  • cent ← centum ← *kəntom ← *ḱm̥tóm
  • hundred ← *hundaradą ← *hundą ← *ḱm̥tóm ← *déḱm̥t
  • dick ← *deg ← *deg ← *dekam
  • dozen ← dozaine ← doze ← *dōdeci ← duodecim
  • dean ← den ← deen ← deien ← decānus
  • sen ← cent ← cent ← centum ← *kəntom
  • den ← denier ← denarius ← dēnus ← dec(em)
  • diner ← *dīnārius ← dēnārius ← dēnus ← dec(em)
  • hectare ← ἑκατόν ← *hekətón ← *ḱm̥tóm ← *déḱm̥t
  • decimal ← decimalis ← decimus ← decem ← *dekem

56 more relatives in the full family tree

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Today it means

noun A group, set, or series of ten , particularly

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “decade”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entry for Ancient Greek δέκα. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥ / decade