Etymograph

English

catch

Catch comes from Middle English cacchen, from Anglo-Norman cachier, a variant of Old French chacier, from Late Latin captiō, from Latin captō.

  1. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcapiō1‘to take’
  2. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcaptō1‘to try to catch’
  3. Late Latinc. 200–600 CEcaptiō1
  4. Old Frenchc. 842–1400chacier1
  5. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400cachier2
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500cacchen1
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1590catch1

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

  1. 1 Wiktionary, English catch
  2. 2 Wiktionary, Middle English cacchen
  3. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1590, Edmund Spenser, Book III, Canto II: “Her aged Nourse, whose name was Glaucè hight, /…”.

Lineage

  1. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcapiōWiktionary, English catch‘to take’
  2. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcaptōWiktionary, English catch‘to try to catch’
  3. Late Latinc. 200–600 CEcaptiōWiktionary, English catch
  4. Old Frenchc. 842–1400chacierWiktionary, English catch
  5. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400cachierWiktionary, Middle English cacchen
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500cacchenWiktionary, English catch
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1590catchWiktionary, English catch. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1590, Edmund Spenser, Book III, Canto II: “Her aged Nourse, whose name was Glaucè hight, /…”

The story

Via PIE cognate with have.

Full etymology on Wiktionary

Word family

English words that share an ancestor with catch, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.

through Proto-Indo-European *kap-

  • had ← hadde ← hæfde ← *habdaz ← *habjaną
  • head ← efd ← hēafod ← *haubud ← *haubudą
  • case ← casse ← capsa ← *kapsos ← *kapjō
  • except ← excepter ← exceptus ← excipiō
  • heavy ← hevy ← hefiġ ← *habīg ← *habīgaz
  • accept ← accepten ← accepter ← acceptō ← capiō
  • receive ← receyven ← receivre ← recipere ← capiō
  • capital ← capitale ← capitulum ← caput ← *kaput
  • behavior ← behavoure
  • captain ← capitain ← capitaine ← capitāneus ← caput
  • cash ← caisse ← caissa ← capsa ← capiō
  • heavily ← hevely ← hefiġlīċe ← hefiġ ← *habīgaz

205 more relatives in the full family tree

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Today it means

noun The act of seizing or capturing.

Sources

Sources: Wiktionary, “catch”; the older steps come from the Wiktionary entry for Middle English cacchen. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.

Etymograph / Latin capiō / catch