English
brief
Brief comes from Middle English breef, from Old French brief, from Latin brevis ‘short’, ultimately from PIE *mreǵʰ- ‘short’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*mreǵʰ-1‘short’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*mréǵʰus1‘short’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*breɣʷis1‘short’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEbrevis1‘short’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400brief1‘brief’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500breef1
- Englishearliest quotation 1589brief1
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor
- 1 Wiktionary, English brief
- Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1589, Thomas Nashe: “[…] euen ſo it fareth with mee, who béeing…”.
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*mreǵʰ-Wiktionary, English brief‘short’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*mréǵʰusWiktionary, English brief‘short’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*breɣʷisWiktionary, English brief‘short’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEbrevisWiktionary, English brief‘short’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400briefWiktionary, English brief‘brief’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500breefWiktionary, English brief
- Englishearliest quotation 1589briefWiktionary, English brief. Earliest quotation in Wiktionary’s entry: 1589, Thomas Nashe: “[…] euen ſo it fareth with mee, who béeing…”
Word family
English words that share an ancestor with brief, grouped by the ancestor they share, most familiar first.
through Proto-Indo-European *mreǵʰ- ‘short’
through Proto-Indo-European *mréǵʰus ‘short, brief’
- merry ← myrie ← myrġe ← *murgī ← *murguz
- brass ← braça ← braça ← brachia ← bracchium
- bracelet ← bras ← brachium ← βραχίων ← βρᾰχῠ́ς
- bra ← brassière ← braciere ← brace ← bracchia
- brace ← bracchia ← bracchium ← βρᾰχῑ́ων ← βρᾰχῠ́ς
- pretzel ← Brezel ← brēzel ← brēzitella ← *brāchiātellus
- brachial ← bracchialis ← bracchium ← βρᾰχῑ́ων ← βρᾰχῠ́ς
through Latin brevis ‘short’
- brevity ← brevitās
- abbreviate ← abbreviaten ← abbreviat ← abbreviātus ← abbreviō
- breviary ← breviārium
81 more relatives in the full family tree
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Today it means
adj Of short duration; happening quickly.
Sources
Sources: Wiktionary, “brief”. By Wiktionary contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0, via kaikki.org (dump of Oct 3 2026); text adapted and restructured. Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word. License.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *mreǵʰ- / brief